SCHWING fluidized bed process technology
The SCHWING fluidized bed process technology is predestined for gas-solids reactions. As a core application, this technology is used in the area of surface modification of innovative, even nano-scale, powders. Especially the usage options for different reaction gases (air, N2, H2, NH3, CO2, O2, Ar, H2O(g), etc.) primarily in the temperature range up to 1100 °C offer a variety of new applications.
Many metallic oxides, catalysts, hydroxides, silicates, salts, sulfates, carbon blacks, pigments and graphites are roasted, calcined, reduced, oxidized, activated, passivated, chlorinated, dried, tempered, etc. using fluidized bed processing systems but gases can also be changed on powders through the fluidized bed.
Sample applications: Fluidized Bed Process Technique
Oxidation
Metal powders
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Pigments: Carbon black etc.
Organic substances
Catalysts
Reduction (H2, CO)
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Hydroxides
Silicon, silicon compounds
Ores, salts: Sulfates, carbonates, chlorides, oxalates
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Organic substances
Catalysts
Calcining, Tempering
Metal powders
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Hydroxides
Hydrates
Ores, salts: Sulfates, carbonates, chlorides, oxalates
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Pigmente: Carbon black etc.
Organic substances
Catalysts
Gas-Gas reactions on fluidized catalyst
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Organic substances
Gas-Solid reactions with solid or gaseous products
Metal powders
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Hydroxides
Silicon, silicon compounds
Ores, salts: Sulfates, carbonates, chlorides, oxalates
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Pigments: Carbon black etc.
Organic substances
Catalysts
Surface treatment, Activation, Passivation
Metal powders
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Pigments: Carbon black etc.
Organic substances
Catalysts
Chemical coating of support material with...
Metal powders
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Pigments: Carbon black etc.
Organic substances
Catalysts
Cooling, Drying
Physical Processes
Metal powders
Metal oxides, mixed oxides
Hydroxides
Hydrates
Silicon, silicon compounds
Ores, salts: Sulfates, carbonates, chlorides, oxalates
Pigments: Silicates, aluminium silicates
Organic substances
Catalysts
Typical products and applications are:
- Production of carbon modifications → Carbonizing / Engineering material, batteries
- Graphite, Soot → Pigments / Surface modifications / Batteries, tire industry
- Active carbon → Activation / Desorption / Water plants, chemical dry-cleaning, clothing
- Titanium dioxide → Tempering / Coating / Pigment production, paints and varnishes, crèmes
- Catalyst → Recycling / Oxidation / Reduction
- Quartz sand → Deactivation of binding agents / foundry sand
- Silicon → Calcining / Surface modifications / Recycling cutting waste, solar cells, silanes
- Silicon dioxide → Silicic acid / Optical waveguides, data transmission
- Salts → Carbonates / Fuel cells, glass, ceramics, enamel industry
- Metal oxides → Tempering / electrical technology, batteries, catalysts
- Gas/Gas reactions → catalytic / Solar industry, acid production
- Carbohydrate → native / modified starch
Beneficial and versatile alternative to the rotary kiln
Fluidized bed process technology is a very versatile technology that can be used to implement and optimize many chemical and physical processes with powdery materials. Fluidized bed technology offers especially many potential process benefits when a good gas/solids contact is desired. The following are required:
- a stable, well fluidized layer is present,
- the product flows well in continuous or batch operation thus enabling the discharge of the product,
- in a compact system the separation (retention) of the solid particles from the waste gas works well and the waste gas is recirculated or can be discharged to the atmosphere.
In the fluidized bed the product (solids particle) is held in a vertical “gas flow suspension” and thereby ensures optimal process management. Energy-saving potential up to 40% and numerous other benefits make the fluidized bed reactor a true alternative to the rotary kiln:
Comparison fluidized bed reactor / rotary klin
Comparison criteria | Fluidized bed reactor | Rotary kiln |
System construction | Simple, standard components | Complex, many moving parts |
Batch/continuous operation | Both available | Both available |
Gas-solids contact area | Very high, affected by gas velocity | Low, as only a small part of the powder is ever in direct contact with gas |
Differences in particle size | Limited | Flexible |
Particulate emissions | Prevented by an integrated filter system with reversible flow cleaning | Lower fines retention capabilities |
Discharge of gaseous by-products | Gaseous by-products are continuously removed from the reactor, beneficial particularly with equilibrium reactions | Less selectice removal due to design and lower gas velocity |
Solid contaminants | No brickwork present | In case of directly fired rotary kilns material abrasion occurs due to contact between particles and the wall inside the rotary kiln |
Homogeneous fluid gas throughput | Gas flow is adjustable thanks to patented gas distribution plate | Fluid gas overflow |
Flow rate and residence time | Very short times possible | Generally longer residence times |
Process temperature control | Very precise control possible | Less precise for system-related reasons |
Heat and mass transfer | Ideal as particles are in direct contact with gas | Low, as mixing effect is very inefficient |
Temperature stability | Uniform across the bed | Temperature gradient across the „bed“ |
Heating and cooling | Very fast heat-up and cool-down possible | Very slow system |
Product consistency | Very good | Less consistent |
Investment costs | Similar, but lower for exhaust gas treatment | Similar |
Operating costs | Low | High |
Energy consumption | Less energy intensive | Increased consumption of gas and electricity |
Space requirements | Compact construction | Requires more space |
Manpower requirements | Low | Low |
Reinigung und/oder Wartung | Easy | Easy |
To enable us to respond to your questions or specific demands with custom-tailored information we ask you to please use the inquiry form “Fluidized Bed Process Technique”.
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